Electronic waste, commonly known as "e-waste", refers to electrical or electronic equipment that is abandoned and no longer used, mainly including household appliances such as refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, television sets, and communication electronic products such as computers and other electronic technology elimination products. If e-waste is properly recycled, it will release great economic, resource and environmental benefits.
From 2012 to 2020, China's e-waste treatment enterprises received a total of 14.5627 million tons of dismantled processing products. The main products are 5.805,700 tons of CRT glass, 2.902,400 tons of plastic, 2.642,600 tons of iron and its alloy, 746,600 tons of compressor, 468,500 tons of insulation material, 451,500 tons of motor, 788,500 tons of printed circuit board, and 221,900 tons of copper and its composite. All are handed over to enterprises with corresponding qualifications for standardized treatment or utilization, effectively preventing and controlling environmental pollution risks. By 2020, there are nearly 30,000 direct employees in China's e-waste treatment industry, and nearly one million collection and transportation personnel, effectively attracting labor employment and helping the state to ensure residents' employment, ensure market players, and ensure basic people's livelihood.
Under the economic incentive role of the fund system, the standardized recovery amount of electronic waste in China has increased year by year, the treatment capacity has been significantly improved, the standardized treatment amount has continued to rise, and the construction of the e-waste recycling and treatment system has been jointly promoted, and the environmental management of the whole life cycle of electrical and electronic products has been further improved. From 2012 to 2020, the state has issued a total of 21.9 billion yuan of waste electrical appliances treatment funds to subsidize treatment enterprises, guiding about 600 million televisions, refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners and microcomputers into formal processing enterprises, and the recycling rate of the above "four machines and one brain" standard exceeds 40%, of which the recovery rate of televisions is as high as 94%. The recovery rate of the refrigerator has reached more than 77%, which is in the international leading level, effectively eliminating environmental risks and protecting the health of the people.
With the needs of enterprises' own development and the rapid integration of "Internet +", a variety of electronic waste innovative recycling models and recycling platforms have sprung up, such as: green consumption + green recycling, Internet + classified recycling, two-network integration recycling, EPR recycling and other recycling models, China's electronic waste recycling industry has entered a new stage of development.
In August 2021, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment jointly issued the Notice on Encouraging household appliance manufacturers to carry out recycling target Responsibility System actions (hereinafter referred to as the Notice). According to its overall requirements, by 2023, a number of demonstration benchmarks for the implementation of the recycling target responsibility system by household appliance manufacturers will be developed, and a number of recycling treatment models and experience practices that can be replicated and promoted will be formed. On September 7, 2021, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued the "Guidelines on Environmental Management and Pollution Prevention for the Disposal of Nine Categories of Waste Electrical and Electronic Products such as range Hoods" to further implement the extended producer responsibility system and clarify the environmental management and pollution prevention requirements for nine categories of products such as range hoods dismantled by processing enterprises. China's e-waste environmental management system and technical requirements have been further improved.
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